Chucking machine and method



Feb. 13, 1940. s. E. GREEN 1 cnucxmq MACHINE AND METHOD 8 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed Dec. 17, 1936 m I N E I. E R M V m E .I N w 5 3 Q mm Q J F mm Nal. qww QQN l, ed a QQN mu mm.

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' HIS flTTO/V/VEY Feb. 13, 1940. s. E. GREEN 2,190,203

' CHUCKING MACHINE AND METHOD Filed Dec. 17, 1936 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 24 36V k Wm INVENTORJ JVEN E. GREEN, Y awe fl mmo Feb. 13, 1940.

s. E. GRE EN CHUCKING MACHINE AND METHOD 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 17,1956 I775 HTTORMEK Feb. 13,, 1940. s. E. GREEN CHUCKING MACHINE ANDMETHOD Filed De c. 17, 1956 & Sheets-Shegt 4 Feb. 13, 1940.

s. E. GREEN CHUCKING MACHINE AND METHOD Filed Dec. 17; 1936 m. w m

w Mm M v /a w. M 8 W M w mm 22 mm mfl V i a H/S HTTOR'IVEK Feb. 13,1940.

s. E, GREEN 2,190,208

CHUCKING MACHINE AND METHOD Filed Dec. 17, 1936 s Sheets-Sheet s F/Ez/I- [Q ii 0 1 in L E:

iv v V ll A m j 394 3% I/vz/E/vTok: EVEN E. GREEN,

' 11/; HTTORNEK Feb. 13, 1940. s. E. GREEN CHUCKING MACHINE 'AND METHODa Sheets-Shet 7 Filed Dec. 1 1956 Flaw/6 mm m w lllll I m 3 N. E T y. ra wa m M N 3 a M 2 v a 4 8 M a 4. w/w 8 0 2 J 7 M /m\ m l W A; w w G Y33 h a 8 3 m w 4 6M 6 w w M4 AM FebQlS, 1940. v v GREEN 2,190,208

GHUCKING MACHINE AND METHOD Filed Dec. 17, 1936 a sheets-sheet sPatented Feb. 13, 1940 on cKiNc MACHINE Asn-Mmnon Sven E; Green,Bristol,.Conn., assignor to Gen- Y era! Motors Corporation, Detroit,Mich, a

corporation of Delaware Application December m. 1936, Serial No. 116,392

24 Claims. (01. '29-38) This invention relates to chucking machines. andmethods and comprises all of the features of novelty herein disclosed.An object ofv the invention. is toprovide a machine and a method forcompletely machining all surfaces of a work-. piece or of a pairofwork-pieces at one l'randling of a single work blank. Another object isto provide suitable attachments for existing multi spindle chuckingmachines such that more tools can be used and more operations can beperformed. Another object is to produce a multi spindle chucking machinewhich Will reduce the expense of machining work-pieces as by eliminatingthe usual second handlingof the piece. Still another object is toprovide an improved method a of machining work-pieces.

To these ends and alsoto improve generally upon devices and methods ofthis character, the

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken in the plane of line 3-3 of Fig.l. 1

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an attachment taken about on the line l4of 2.

Fig. 5 is an end View of a Work. spindle with its chuck removed.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectionv of details at one end of a chuckoperating rod. H Fig. '7 is a section on the line l--l of Fig.4.

Fig. 8 is a front View partly in section of the keying device for thequill. A

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on the line B'9 of Fig. 2.

40. Fig. 10 is a sectional View taken on line Illill v In theillustrated construction, there are six .spindles, each having chuckjaws ill to grip a of Fig. 9. v

Fig. 11 is a sectionalview of a chuck operating cylinder and itscontrolling valve.

Fig. 12 is a front View of a tool and its carrier.

chucks.

Fig. 16 is a sectional view of aportion of the turret and associatedfluid mechanism for opafim crating the spindle clutches.

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of the. valves which control chucking anddriving of the turret Fig. 17 is a front elevation of Fig. 16 with partsbroken away and in section.

Figs. 18 to 24 are sectional views indicating the sequence of operationson a work-piece.

. Figs. 25 to 31 are sectional views indicating 5 the sequence ofoperations to produce two fin-- ishedarticles from a single piece. CFirst outlining the general operation, awork blank such as a hollowsleeve, is chucked upon one of the rotary spindles of a carrier orturret 0 which is intermittently indexed to carry the piece 1successively to a plurality of stations for machining operations bysuitable tools. When the piece returns to the loading station; it isreleased and transferred to an auxiliary chuck whichis advanced togripthe piece and their retreats toaworking station for further treatingthe work by suitable auxiliary tools. Meanwhile a new piece is chuckedat the loading station and is carried around to the successive stations.20' i This transfer of the piece to the auxiliary chuck enables theauxiliary tools to operate upon those surfaces which were previously.grasped by the jaws of theturret chuck and so prevented. access of toolsto such surfaces. the piece. not only effects economy by eliminating asubsequent handling and chucking of the piece on another machine butalso contributes to accurate. chucking and consequent concentricity. ofinner andouter surfaces because the trans- 30. fer is mechanicallyeffected. Further important economy results because two articles can becompleted from a single Work blank of slightly more than double size toallow for severing and that double size blank can be forged or otherwisep'ro- 35 duced more economically than two single blanks. The numeral 2indicates a base supporting a main frame 4 in which is journalled forindexing movement, a horizontal turret 6 carrying a series ofindividually rotatable work spindles 8. 40

work-piece W, the chucks at the various stations being indicated by theletters A, B, C, D, E

and F. The indexing of the turret lithe driving of the work spindles. 8,and the actuation of the chuck jawslllis not per se apart of the presentinvention and maybe controlled by any suitable mechanism suchasindicated in the patents to Gridley et al. 2,055,l34 and 2,055,435granted Sept. 22, 1936; g l

A main tool carrier ii! of hexagonal form is provided on each face withslots i l to receive suitable tools as required, the tool carrier beingguided for reciprocating movement on a sup- The. transfer of 25 able andslidable shafts 5i! and 52 project from porting sleeve I6 projectingfrom the main frame 4. The tool carrier is fastened to a slide block I8which slides on ways 26 supported by a cross member 22 which is boltedto pedestals 24 projecting upwardly from the base. The tool carrier I2and the attached slide block I3 may be reciprocated by any suitablemechanism such as a cam-operated bar .28 projecting from the sleeve I6and threaded at the outer end in nuts 28 confined to the slide blockIS-by an end cap 3%. ions so that, by inserting a suitable tool in arecess 32 of the end cap, initial adjustment of the tool carrier withrespect to the turret can be effected in a manner well known.

Shafts 34 and 36 are rockably mounted in the pedestal 24 and usuallycarry arms 38 one of which is shown in Fig. 3 as provided with slots forT-bolts 49 for attachment of a tool holder. Ordinarily a tool mounted onthe arm 38 operates on a work-piece secured to one of the turret carriedwork spindles at station A but,

in the present machine, an extension arm 42 is bolted to the arm 38 andhas slots for T-bolts 44 which clamp on a tool holder 46 with a tool 48which operates near station F on a workpiece after such work-piece hasbeen transferred to a supplemental chuck as will appear. Rock the mainframe 4 into bearing bosses 54 and 56,

respectively, on a supplemental casing or frame 58 which is bolted tothe cross member 2.2. The

supplemental frame is rigidly braced from the main frame near the top bybracing bars Bil and 82 which project from the main frame and aresecured by set screws 64 to bosses on the supplemental frame. Shafts 50and 52 carry'tool holders (not shown) with suitable tools for operatingon the work in the turret-carried chucks as will appear.

In the supplemental casing or frame 58 (Figs. 1 to 4) are mounted anauxiliary work spindle and a quill with an actuating mechanism whicheffects rotation of the spindle, longitudinal shifting and locking ofthe quill, chucking and unchucking, there also being a' cam-operateddevice (Fig. 9) to swing a supplemental tool for operation on the workafter it is transferred to the auxiliary work spindle. For rotatablydriving the auxiliary spindle, a power shaft iii journalled in bearingsl2 and M on the main frame is se cured by a coupling it to a short shaftI8 which is journalled in bearings enclosed by cover plates 19 on ahollow standard 80 fastened to the supplemental frame 58. A sprocketwheel 82 is connected by a chain 8 with a sprocket wheel at keyed to ashaft 88 journalled in the supplemental frame upon ball bearings 9t and92. The bearing t2 which is a double row ball bearing has its inner racering clamped on the shaft against the sprocket wheel 86 by a nut 94. Theouter race ring is clamped against a shoulder in a flanged bearinghousing 96 by a cap 98, the

- housing 86 being removably secured to the frame The pinion E02 drivesa gear Ifit 'journalled on.

a countershaft H33 and meshing with an elongated gear l ill which iskeyed to a hollow spindle II 2 and held from longitudinal movement onthe spindle by a screw I I4. The spindle is jour- The nuts 28 are formedexternally as pin ment of the spindle.

nalled for rotation in a quill II6 which is capable of sliding movementwithout rotation in The outer race rings are spaced by a sleeve I30 andare locked against endwise movement in the quill between a shoulder andan end cap I32, the end cap cooperating with a companion cap I34 to forma felt holding seal engaging an enlarge- Near the other end, the spindleis journalled in a double row ball bearing E36 whose outer race ring canslide in the quill and whose inner race ring is clamped against a washerengaging a shoulder by a tubular projection I33 threaded on the spindleand forming an extension of a chuck-operating cylinder Hit. Lubricant isretained and foreign matter excluded by a felt washer confined between awasher and an end cap ItI fastened to the end of the quill.

The cylinder Hid has a piston I42 connected to'a rod M l whichpassesthrough a packing gland i l-ii in the spindle to thread into adraw bar MS which operates a chuck. As best shown in Figs. 5 and 6, thedraw bar has a flattened portion engaged by a flattened area on theinterior of a D-washer I52 which is secured in the spindle by a pin I54,thus compelling the draw bar to rotate with the spindle but allowingendwise movement.' The front end of the spindie is enlarged and a chuckbody I56 is secured to it by screws I58, a key IEO being fastened to theenlarged end of the spindle by screws and entering a slot in the chuckbody to insure against relative rotation. A detachable nose piece I62has an enlarged portion threaded in the end of the chuck body and hasinclined cam surfaces for jaws orwedges I54 adapted to be expanded onthe inside of a work-piece W which is located endwise by a locatingringI56 secured to the enlarged portion of the nose-piece. The ring alsoprevents the wedges from dropping out when the work is released. Toexpand the wedges, a collar. S68 is secured to the end of a bolt I I0which is keyed to the nose-piece and threaded in the front end of thedraw bar I48. The bolt I'ill is threaded in the draw bar when thenosepiece is threaded home. Endwise movement of the draw bar to theright expands the wedges to grip the work internally. Endwise movementin the opposite direction releases the wedges which are forced back downthe inclines of the nose-piece by plungers H2 engaged by a collar Ildsurrounding the bolt I'll) and backed up by check nuts. The work ispushed off the wedges by ejector pins H6 whose enlarged rear ends areengaged by coil springs I'IB housed in recesses of the collar i'M.

The chuck spindle H2 and quill IIE are shown in Fig. 4 in the positionthey occupy while the work-piece W is being treated. The quill isnormally locked against endwise movement by a locking bar 5823 whichenters a recess formed by wear plates I82 inserted in the quill. Thelocking bar is urged to locking position by a coil spring I 84 which isbacked up by a pilot screw I86 1 288. cam 2H1 formed by plates M2 and 2Mattached to the periphery of the cam drum 98 and acting threaded foradjustment in the top of a housing H88 having a guiding wear plate I98and a rear cover I92. Projecting from the locking bar through a'slot intherear cover is a cam roller I9 5 adapted for operation by a cam I95fastened to the end of a rotary cam. drum Hill which is keyed to arotary shaft 200 and fastened to it by a set screw. The drum and shaftare retained endwise by thrust washers Zill engaging bosses on the frame58. The cam Hit withdraws the locking bolt at the proper times to allowthe quill and spindle to advance for the purpose of taking work piecessuccessively from the work spindles 8 when the latter reach the stationF.

The quill H6 is held against rotation in its bearings H8 and 120 by akey 2132 (Figs. 7 and 8) which enters an elongated slot 2% in the quill,the key being carried in a recess of a plate 206 attached to the frame58 against a gasket The quill is actuated longitudinally by a on a camroller 2H5 rotatably mounted on a stud secured to a slide 220. The slidehas limited. movement in a dovetail way 222 formed in a block: 2% whichis fastened by screws 226 and v "station F to transfer the piece from aturret chuck to the auxiliary chuck. The turret chucks and the auxiliarychuck rotate in the same direction and at the same speed to facilitatetransfer.

The cylinder MB travels with the spindle H2, and the operation of itschuck-operating piston is timed to release the work before the chucktakes on a new piece from a turret chuck, and to grip the new piecebefore the quill returns. A cylinder head Mil is secured to the outerend of the cylinder and has a cylindrical extension 252 with two spacedannular grooves 264 and 2%. A port 248 leads from the groove 24 to theouter end of the cylinder. A central port 25;} leading from the othergroove communicates by passages 252 and 254 with the opposite end of thecylinder. A sleeve 258 surrounds the extension Ni! and is retained by aplate 26%. The sleeve has openings for two pipes 262 and 254 (Fig. 11)which communicate with the grooves 2M and 2% and with a valve casing265. These pipes are flexible because the sleeve 258 travelslongitudinally although it does not rotate with the cylinder headextension 242 which is journalled in it. The valve cornprises spacedpistons 268 adapted to alternately put the pipes 262 and 2% incommunication with a pressure line 216. There are also two spacedexhaust pipes 212 and 2 714 which alternately exhaust the fluid from thepipes 252 and 264. The

valve stem has a yoke 2l5to rotatably support a cam roller 218, the yokehaving a lug 235i engaging an extension 282 on one of the valve caps toof the supplemental frame.

216 and to an anchoring stud 288 so that the cam roller is held againstthe cam.

Another instrumentality operated by cams on the cam drum see is asliding and swinging shaft carrying a supplemental tool to operate oneach work-piece after it has been transferred to the auxiliary spindle.(See Figs. 3, 9 and 10.) The shaft 29% is journalledin bosses 292, 294and 296 Its endwise move-. ment is controlled. by a cam slot formed bycam plates 2% and 383 on the periphery of the drum and straddling a camroller 362 journalled on a stud projecting from a block 384. The blockis loose on the shaft although confined between collars till pinned tothe shaft. The block is held from turning with the shaft by an extension308 which is guided on a rod 3H3 fixed in the supplemental frame. Thecam roller is thus held from swinging out of the can). slot when theshaft is swung.

Rocking or swinging movement of the shaft 299 is controlled by an arm362 having its hub provided with a key ti l entering an elongated slot3N5 in the shaft. The arm. carries a cam roller Sill arranged foractuation by a segmental cam plate EQQKFig's. 3 and i) attached to aring 32! fastened around an extension at the end of the cam. drum 598, acoil spring 3122 anchored to the arm and to the frame urging the rolleragainst the cam plate. To insure swinging of the arm in case the springfails, another segmental and outside'cam plate 325 is attached to thering 32!. A tool carrying arm. is clamped to the outer end of the shaftiii-iii. Adjustablysecured to the arm by screws 252i is a tool holder328 with spaced ribs 3% (Fig. 13) having opposed adjusting screwsstraddling a lug 33% on .a ratchet 336. A tool 338 has a companionratchet to engage the ratchet and is secured to the tool holder by aclamping bolt Coarse angular adjustment of the tool is provided by theratchet faces and fine adjustment by the screws 332. The tool opiiifi.Its inward swinging movement towards the work is limited by an abutmentplate 342 (Fig. 3) mounted on a bracket 3- 53 secured to the frame 58and engaged by an arcuate locating plate 344 adjustably secured in anarcuate guide in the arm 326 by a clamping screw 3%. The arcuate plateSM is accurately located in its guide by a screw .erates on the workcarried by the auxiliary chuck Milthreaded in the arm and adapted toabut against the end of the arcuate plate.

The cam drum 588 carries a gear 3565 (Fig. 41) secured to it by the samescrews which secure the ring 32!. The gear is driven by a gear 352 keyedto a short shaft 354 vhi-ch is journalled in a boss 356 of thesupplemental frame 58. At the outside of the frame is a collar 358 tohold the shaft from. endwise movement. The shaft is connected by acoupling 3% to a short shaft 362 (Fig. 1) having a similar coup-ling 35dto secure it to a timing shaft 355 which projects from the main frame.One of the collars of coupling 358 has timing can be varied.

Referring to Figs. 14 to 17, each work spindle ll on the turret 5 isprovided with a grooved clutch collar tall! urged to clutching positionby a coil spring 372, so that the spindles when in working positionswill be rotatably driven from any suitable power source. fork 3Mengaging each clutch collar is guided on a rod 3'55 carried byprojecting flanges 3T3 on the turret B. Each fork for each spindleclutch has a cam roller 33!] adapted for actuation by a cam 382 on aslide 384 which is guided by bars 386 and 383 projecting from the mainframe and carrying coil springs 3% which urge the slide to a retractedposition. The slide is adjustably secured by nuts to the 3 threaded endof a piston rod 392 having a piston 394 in a cylinder 396. The abovementioned springs urge the piston against an adjustable stop screw 398but the piston can be advanced to throw out the clutch. To look theclutch out temporarily, as when a new piece of work is being chucked onthe work spindle, a collar Mill on the piston rod is adapted to ridebehind a latch hook 462 on an arm which is pivoted at 464 on a bracket466 projecting from the cylinder.

Fluid under pressure can be admitted behind the piston through a passage468 having an adjustable throttle valve Mil, the passage communicatingwith a chamber 2 containing a slidable piston valve Al i with two spacedpistons. Fluid is admitted between the pistons from a pressure line 416and will communicate with the passage 468 when the valve 494 is slid tothe left in Fig. 15. Normally the passage 408 is open to an exhaust lineM8. The valve has a projecting stem 320 with two annular grooves adaptedto be engaged alternately by a spring pressed ball detent 42! to holdthe valve in its extreme positions. A link 4722 connects the valve stemto an arm 424 pinned to a rock shaft 426 which projects through theframe and carries an actuating handle 428. By rocking the handle, thepiston Valve M4 can be slid to the left to advance the clutch operatingpiston 394 and throw out the spindle clutch to 3.5,, permit chucking andit can be shifted back to the right to let the piston 3% come back underspring pressure to throw in the spindle clutch and start spindlerotation after chucking.

For successively controlling the chucks on the work spindles 8 as thelatter reach the loading station F, there is a second valve chamber 43!]with a piston valve 4132 comprising spaced pistons in communication withthe pressure line 496, the

chamber Q30 having two exhaust lines 43 and 436 l for alternatelyexhausting fluid from ports 538 and Mill which lead to a distributor(not shown) having fluid connections with cylinders on all the spindles.Each cylinder M2 has a piston 4% connected to the draw rod ME of therespective chuck. Patent to Gridley 2,055,435 above mentioned has asomewhat similar fluid system. The piston valve 432 has a stem M8provided with grooves adapted to be engaged alternately by a springpressed ball. detent l5il to hold the valve in its extreme positions. Alink 452 connects the valve stem to an arm 454 of a lever which issecured to a sleeve 456 which serves as a journal for shaft 426 and isrockably mounted in the frame and operated by a handle 458. In theposition shown in Fig. 15, pressure fluid goes throughthe port 438 andthence to the chucking cylinder 642 to hold the chuck jaws closed on thework. By swinging the lever, the piston valve 432 can be shifted to theleft to put the port Mill in communication with the pressure line M5 tothereby operate the chucking piston to open the chuck but the pistonvalve 432 is preferably operated automatically in this direction. Forthis purpose, a lever arm '46!) is connected by a link 9-62 to a bellcrank lever 464 which is connected by a link 4555 with a second bellcrank lever M6 carrying a cam roller 4M in the path of a cam M2 on a camshaft Md. The cam is timed to actuate the valve and open each chuckafter such chuck has reached the loading station F and before itsspindle has been stopped from rotating by the throwing out of itsclutch.

On the stem 448 is a collar 416 which normally engages an inclined camsurface on an arm 418 which is a part of the same lever which carriesthe latch hookAQZ. Whenever the sleeve 456 is swung in a direction toshift the piston valve 432 to the left, the collar 416 releases the arm478 so that the latch hook is ready to dropdown behind the other collarM90 as soon as the clutch-controlling piston rod 392 is advanced, thusaffording a means to insure the holding out of the work spindle clutch316 until a work-piece is chucked.

Figs. 18 to 24 inclusive indicate operations which can be carried out bythe machine. The rough work is indicated as an internally-ribbed sleeveto be made into a double row, outer race ring, and each piece isinserted in the chuck jaws H] of one of the turret spindl s 8 as suchspindle reaches the loading station F. The turret then indexes to carrythe piece to station A for operation by tools, such as a turning tool486 shiftable axially along the outside of the work, a rough boring tool332 shiftable axially, and a facing tool 484 swinging radially. Atstation B, there may be a further turning operation by a tool 486 and afurther boring operation and a rounding of corners by a tool 488. Atstation C, a tool 49!] moves axially and radially to form a rough ballrace and an internal rounded corner while a tool 482 faces the end andforms an external rounded corner. At station D, a boring tool 694 cutsball races and finishes the inside corners while a tool 496 faces andfinishes the outside corner. At station E, a boring tool 498 finishesthe ball races. At station F, the piece is released from the turretspindle jaws l0 and transferred to the chuck I56 on the supplementalspindle whose quill retreats to a working and locked position where thetool 338 above mentioned turns the exterior surface in the region wherethe chuck jaws Ill were previously gripping the piece. At this sameposition, the tool 48 faces the now accessible end and rounds thecorner. Thus all surfaces of the piece are finished at a single handlingby one machine. When the piece is thus transferred to the supplementalchuck, a new piece is inserted in the chuck jaws at station 15 ready tobe indexed to station A.

Figs. 25 to 31 inclusive illustrate how two articles can be completedfrom a single piece WE at a single handling by one machine. The piecemay be a plain sleeve loaded at station F and first operated upon atstation A by a turning tool 500, by a'boring tool 562, and by a recessforming tool 564. At station B, another turning tool 506 operates on theexterior and another boring tool 568 operates on the interior. AtstationC, there is indicated a recess forming tool m, a facing tool 5l2, and aboring tool 5M. At station D there is a tool 5; for facing one end androunding the corner while a boring tool 558 completes a pair ofraceways. At station E, a cut-off tool 526 severs a completely machinedsingle row race ring W2 from the piece WI. The remainder of the piececontinues to station F where it is transferred to the supplementarychuck Hi6 and treated by the tools 338 and 68 to complete another racering.

The tools above referred to are merely illustrative of suitable toolswhich can be used as required. They show that a work-piece can betreated on some surfaces when in the turret chucks, followed by transferto a supplemental chuck for operation on surfaces previously engaged bythe jaws of the turret chucks. While the turret chucks are shown asgripping the exterior of the work and the supplemental chuck with thequill for operating the chuck; substanhas been operated upon'by all ofthe usual tools pertaining to the turret stations, such work-piecefinally returns to the loading station F. It is still in the chuck? andits spindle is rotating but no work can be performed on those surfaceswhich are engaged by the chuck jaws it as long as the piece is held bythem. At this time, the

quill Ht of Fig. a carrying the supplemental spindle H2 becomes unlockedby the cam l t and is advanced towards and in line with station F by thecam 2H]. Its spindle rotates at the same speed as the turret chuck F andturns in the same direction, While the rotating piece is I still grippedand centered by the turret chuck, the supplemental chuck wedges ltd areexpanded to grip the piece internally under control of the piston Hi2,valve 2% and cam 284. N2 of Fig. 1"] now shifts the piston valve 332 tothe, left and the chucking piston d i l of the turret chuckis operatedto release the work-piece so it can be carried away by the supplementalchuck when the quill returns to its outward, locked position where workis to be performed by the tools 48 and 338 on the hitherto inaccessiblework surfaces. The turret spindle at the loading station F is stillrotating. Handle 328 is now rocked to move the other piston valve li itothe left thereby advancing the clutch con trolling piston 394 to releasethe, turret spindle clutch 37B and stop the rotation of its spindle.

The clutch is held out temporarily by reason of the safety latch hooktil? dropping down behindthe collar dilll. A new piece is now put in thechuck F. Next, the lever 658 is swung manually in the opposite directionand the piston valve 432 shifts to the right to cause the turret chuckpiston did to operate its chuck to grip the new piece. The collar titraises the latch hook Mid and frees the clutch piston 3% although thelatter is still held temporarily in its advanced position by fluidpressurefrom the line H5. Next the other handle 328 is swung back toslide the other piston valve did to the right to thereby let the clutchpiston 39% return by spring pressure and throw in the clutch tojstartrotation of the turret spindle.

Thereafter the turret indexesthe spindle to the'A position for operationby the tools and advances all of the other spindles one station.Meanwhile the work transferred to the supplemental chuck lfit isoperated upon by the twotools it and 338 and the work is finallyreleased from the machine in a completely machined condition on allsurfaces.

I claim: 1. In amachine of the character described, a frame, a quillmounted to slide endwise in the frame, a spindle journalled for rotationin the quill and having a chuck, means for locking the quill inretracted position, a cam for retracting the locking means, and a camfor sliding the quill "to advance the chuck to a loading position;substantially as described. H

2. In a machine of the character described, a frame, a quill mounted toslide endwise in the frame, a spindle journalled for rotation in thequill and having a chuck, means for sliding the quill to advance thechuck to a loading position, and a cylinder and piston unit shiftableThe cam tially as described.

3. In a machine of the character described, a frame, a. quill mounted toslide endwise in the frame, a spindle journalled for rotation in thequill and having a chuck, means for sliding the quill to advance thechuck to a loadingstation, a cylinder and piston unit shiftable with'the qulil for operating the chuck, a valve controlling said unit, and acam for operating the valve; substantially as described.

4. In a machine of the character described, a trance, a quill mounted toslide endwise in the frame, a spindle journalled for rotation in thequill and having a chuck, a cylinder and piston unit shiftable with thequill for operating the chuck, a valve controlling said unit, a cam foroperating the valve, and a cam for sliding the quill to advance thechuck to a loading positicn; substantially as described.

In a machine of the character described,

a frame, a quill mounted to slide endwise in the frame, a spindlejournalled for rotation in the quill and having a chuck, means forlocking the quill in one position, a cam for retracting the lockingmeans, a cylinder and piston unit shiftable with the quill for operatingthe chuck, a cam for controlling said unit, and a cam for sliding thequill to advance the chuck to a loading position; substantially asdescribed.

kiln a machine of the character described,

a frame, a quill mounted to slide endwise in the frame, a spindlejournalled for rotation in the quill and having a chuck, a gear within:

the quill and secured to the spindle, a driven mounted on the frame andprojecting through an opening in the quill to drive the spindle gear,one of the gears being elongated, and means for sliding the quill toadvance-the chuck to a loading position; substantially as described.

'1'. In a machine of the character described,

a spindle journalled for rotation and havinga chuck, a second chuck inalignment with the first chuck and adapted to grip or release aworkpiece, means for advancing the first chuck to- .wards the secondone, said advancing means having a yieldable member to provide lostmotion when the first chuck engages the work-piece; substantially asdescribed.

8. In a, machine of the character described, a spindle jcurnalled forrotation and having a ,chuck, a second chuck in alignment with the,

first chuck and adapted to grip or release a workpiece, means foradvancing the first chuck towards the second-one, a rotatable cylinderand piston unit connected with the spindle to advance therewith, thecylinder and piston also being relatively movable for operating thefirst chuck,

and means for supplying operating fluid to said unit; substantially asdescribed.

9. In a machine of the character described,

a spindle journalled for rotation and having a chuck, a rotatablecylinder and piston unit connected to the spindle for operating thechuck, and means for axially reciprocating the spindle and unit;substantially as described. 10. In a machine of the character described,

a turret having work spindles, each spindle having a clutch to controlrotation and a chuckj'm to grip or release a workpiece, a piston andcylinder unit to operate each chuck, a piston and cylinder unit tooperate all the clutches in sequence, a valve to control the chuckoperating pistons, a valve to control the clutch-r controlling valve torelease a work-piece, means for operating the clutch controlling valveto throw out a spindle clutch, means for latching out the spindle clutchwhile loading the chuck, means for operating the chuck controlling valveto cause gripping or" a new piece and release of the latch, and meansfor operating the clutch controlling valve to control renewed driving ofthe spindle; substantially-as described.

11. In a machine of the character described, a turret having workspindles, each spindle having a clutch to control rotation and a chuckto grip or release a work-piece, a piston and cylinder unit to operateeach chuck, a piston and cylinder unit to operate all the clutches insequence, a latch, valves to control the chuck operating pistons and theclutch operating piston, and means to operate each valve to throw outand latch a clutch until a new piece is gripped in the chuck;substantially as described.

12. In a machine of the character described, a turret having workspindles, each spindle hav ing a clutch to control rotation and a chuckto .grip or release a work-piece, a piston and cylinder unit to operateeach. chuck, a piston and cylinder unit to operate all the clutches insequence, a valve to control the chuck operating piston, a valve tocontrol the clutch operating piston, means to operate the clutchcontrolling valve to throw out a clutch and latch it, and means tooperate the chuck controlling valve to grip a new piece and release thelatch; substantially as described.

13. In a machine of the character described, a work spindle having aclutch to control rotation and a chuck to grip or release a workpiece, apiston and cylinder unit to operate the chuck, a piston and cylinderunit to operate the clutch, a latch for the clutch, a valve to controlthe chuck operating piston, a valve to control the clutch operatingpiston, means to operate the clutch controlling valve to throw out theclutch and latch it, and means to operate the chuck controlling valve togrip a new piece and release the latch; substantially as described.

14. In a machine of the character described, a Work spindle having aclutch to control 1'0- tation and a chuck to grip or release aworkpiece, a piston and cylinder unit to operate the clutch, a latch forthe clutch, a valve to control the unit, means for shifting the valve tothrow out the clutch and latch it, and chuck controlling means forreleasing the latch; substantially as described.

15. In a machine of the character described,

. a work spindle having a clutch to control ro- ,tation and a chuck togrip or release a workpiece, a piston and cylinder unit to operate thechuck, a valve to control the unit, means to throw out the clutch, alatch for the clutch, and

means for shifting the valve to operate the chuck and release the latch;substantially as described.

16. The method of machining a pair of articles from a single piece ofsubstantially double size with an extra length for severing andseparating the articles, which consists in chucking the double sizepiece by gripping only a portion pertaining to the rear end of onearticle to leave exposed for machining all the portions pertaining tothe other article plus a portion of said one article, machining saidexposed portions pertaining to said other article and a poroperatingpiston, means for operating the chuck tion of said one article,rechucking by gripping another portion of the double size piece to leaveexposed that portion at the rear end of said' one article which waspreviously gripped, and

machining said previously gripped portion; substantially as described.

1'7. The method of chucking and machining a pair of articles from asingle piece of substantially double size with an extra length forsevering and separating the articles, which con-"- sists in chucking thedouble size piece by gripping only one end portion thereof to leave allother portions exposed, machining all exposed portions pertaining to onearticle, rechucking the pieceby gripping a machined portion to exposesaid previously gripped portion, and machining the newly exposed,previously gripped portion; substantially as described.

18. In a machine for chucking and completely machining a pair ofarticles from a single piece of substantially double size with an extralength for cutting ofi, a chuck for gripping only one end portion of thedouble size piece to leave all other portions exposed, means formachining substantially all exposed portions, means for cutting off someof said machined portion to release cne completed article from the pieceheld in the chuck, a second chuck for gripping a machined portion of theremaining part of the piece while the previously gripped portion remainsgripped by the first chuck, means for operating the first chuck torelease its hold on the piece, and means for machining the newly exposedpreviously gripped portion to complete a second article; substantiallyas described.

19. In a machine for chucking and machining a pair of articles from asingle piece of substantially double size with an extra length forcutting off, a chuck for gripping only one end portion of the doublesize piece, means for machining the exposed portion, means for cuttingoff said machined portion to produce one article,

a second chuck adapted to hold the remaining for cutting oif andreleasing the machined por-' tion to produce a finished article, asecond chuck for gripping a projecting surface of the portion remainingin the first chuck, means for thereafter causing the first chuck torelease the piece, and

means for machining the previously gripped and newly exposed portion ofthe piece to produce a second article; substantially as described.

21. In a machine for chucking and machining a pair of articles from asingle sleeve of substantially double size with an extra length forcutting ofi, a chuck for gripping a portion of the exterior surface ofthe sleeve, means for machining the exposed portion of the exteriorsurface and the interior surface, means for cutting oil the sleeve at anintermediate area to produce one article, a second chuck for grippingthe interior surface of the remaining portion of the sleeve before theexterior surface thereof is released, and means for machining thenewlyexposed ex.

terior portion of the sleeve to produce a secon article; substantiallyas described. I

22. In a machine for chucking and machining all surfaces of a hollowwork-piece, a chuck for gripping one peripheral surface of the piece,means for machining the exposed portion of the peripheral surface andthe opposite peripheral surface, a secondchunk adapted to grip saidopposite peripheral surface while the piece remains in the originalposition and. is still gripped by said one peripheral surface, means forcausing the first mentioned chuck to release said one peripheralsurface, and means for machining the newly exposed portion of the piece;substantially as described. I 1

23. In a machine for chucking and machining a pair of articles from asingle piece of substantially double size with an extra length forsevering and separating the articles, a chuck adapted.

to grip only a portion pertaining to the rear a portion pertaining tothe first article, means for machining the exposed portions pertainingto both articles, a second chuck adapted to grip another portion of thedouble size piece to leave exposed that previously gripped portion atthe rear end of the first article, and means for ma chining saidpreviously gripped portion; sub

stantially as described.

24. In'a machine for chucking and machining meansforfmachining allexposed portions pertaining to one article, a second chuck adapted togrip a machined portion to expose the previously gripped portion, andmeans for machining the newly exposed previously gripped portion tocomplete a. second article; substantially as described. l 1

SVEN EHGREEN.

